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Integrated Pest Management Bibliography

Abisgold, J.D.; Fishpool, L.D.C. 1990. A method of estimating population sizes of whitefly nymphs (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) on cassava. TROPICAL PEST MANAGEMENT v. 36(3) p. 287-292.

The aim of the study was to establish a sampling method for Bemisia tabaci nymphs on cassava which would give accurate estimates of population size. The number and distribution of third and fourth instar nymphs and pupae were recorded for each leaf sector of each leaf within a plant. In addition, the number of nymphs per leaf was rated. The smallest sampling area of the plant that gave an accurate estimate of the number of nymphs on the entire plant was determined. Each sampling area consisted of a combination of a number of sectors taken from a number of leaves. Results showed that by restricting the area of the plant examined to sectors 3-5 of leaves 7-20, an accurate population estimate was achieved but with a considerable reduction in the amount of work involved. If the number of nymphs was rated rather than counted, the area of the plant could be restricted to leaves 8-18. Rating produced less accurate population density estimates than counting. The relative applications of a counting and a rating system in population estimates of Bemisia tabaci are discussed. (02080)

Alam, M.M. et al. 1994. Status of current strategies in Jamaica for control of whiteflies and related diseases. [Proceedings of the seminar on]integrated pest management - new strategies for the Caribbean farmer. Wageningen (The Netherlands): Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. (06565)

Chung, P. (RADA). Report: International Bemisia Workshop, Shoresh (Isreal) October 3-7 1994. 4 p. (09657/H20.C48)

Cock, M.J.W. (ed.). 1992. Bemisia tabaci: a literature survey on the cotton whitefly with an annotated bibliography. Berks (United Kingdom): International Institute of Biological Control. 121 p. (05666)

Cock, M.J.W. (ed.). 1993. Bemisia tabaci: an update (1986-1992) on the cotton whitefly with an annotated bibliography . Berks (United Kingdom): International Institute of Biological Control. 78 p. (05665)

Dupuy, J.W.; Sencion, L.M. Situation of Bemisia tabaci in industrial tomato and proposed control in the Dominican Republic. 11 p. (04527)

Esguerra, N.M. 1991. Biological control of the spiralling whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), on Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. ADAP Crop Protection Conference Proceedings Gerling, D. 1992. Approaches to the biological control of whiteflies. Florida Entomological Society. FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST (USA) v. 75(4) p. 446-456. (09109/H10.F5)

Gerling, D. 1992. Damage and control strategies for the whitefly Bemisia tabaci in Jamaica: mission report. [Ramat Aviv], (Israel): Ministry of Foreign Affairs Division for International Cooperation (MASHAV); Ministry of Agriculture Centre for International Agricultural Development Cooperation (CINADCO); United States Agency for International Development (USAID). 12 p. (07672/H10.G4)

Gerling, D. 1994. Prospects for non-chemical control of Bemisia tabaci. [Proceedings of the seminar on] integrated pest management - new strategies for the Caribbean farmer. Wageningen (The Netherlands): Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. (06549)

Johnson, M.W. et al. 1991. Presence/absence sampling for greenhouse whitefly on tomatoes. ADAP Crop Protection Conference Proceedings 1989. Honolulu (Hawaii): HITAHR. (Research Extension Series; no. 134) (06742)

Johnson, M.W. et al. 1991. Yield response of fresh market tomatoes to greenhouse whitefly infestations in Hawaii. ADAP Crop Protection Conference Proceedings 1989. Honolulu (Hawaii): HITAHR. (Research Extension Series; no. 134) (06748)

Laska, P. et al. 1986. Variable resistance in sweet pepper, Capsicum annuum, to glasshouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA BOHEMOSLOVACA v. 83 p. 347-353.

Glasshouse whitefly development under controlled conditions on cultivars of Capsicum annuum (at 20 deg C and photoperiod 16L : 8D)took 29.1 days on Granat, 30.1 days on CIND and 32.4 days on California Wonder. 18.9 percent of individuals on CIND, 29.9 percent of those on California Wonder, and 64.8 percent on Granat finished their development. Higher mortality occurred on young rather than on old leaves, especially in CIND. Adult whiteflies with no choice of hostplant laid significantly more eggs on Granat and CIND than on California Wonder. Given a choice the whiteflies settled more on Granat and CIND than on California Wonder. The combination of CIND characters (the strongest antibiosis) and those of California Wonder (the lowest acceptance and oviposition) may provide a potential for further increasing plant resistance. (01931)

Lynch, J.A.; Johnson, M.W. 1991. Mass rearing the greenhouse whitefly parasitoid Encarsia formosa for augmentative releases in fresh market tomatoes in Hawaii. ADAP Crop Protection Conference Proceedings 1989. Honolulu (Hawaii): HITAHR. (Research Extension Series; no. 134) (06751)

Mathurin, G. 1993. Evaluation of bioassays for determining response of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Grennadius) to imidacloprid. 29 p. (08319/H10.M37)

McCreight, J.D.; Kishaba, A.N. 1991. Reaction of Cucurbit species to squash leaf curl virus and sweet potato whitefly. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE v. 116(1) p. 137-141.

Squash leaf curl is a virus disease of squash transmitted by the sweetpotato whitefly [Bemisia tabaci (Genn.)]. Cucurbita maxima Duch. ex Lam., C. mixta Pang, and C.pepe L. cultivars and the wild taxon C. texana Gray exhibited severe symptoms in response to SLC in greenhouse and field tests. Symptoms on C. moschata (Duch.)ex Poir. cultivars were much more severe in greenhouse tests than in field tests. Three wild species, C. ecuadorensis Cutler and Whitaker, C.lundelliana Bailey, and C. martinezii Bailey, were virtually immune in greenhouse tests, but were infected in field tests. Cucurbita foetidissima HBK expressed moderate symptoms in a field test. Bernincasa hispida (Thunb.)Cogn., C. ficifolia Bouche, Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.)Standl., Luffa acutangula (L.) Oxb., Luffa aegyptiaca Mill., and Luffa graveolens Roxb. were resistant to SLC in greenhouse and field tests. (01860)

Miklasiewicz, T.J.; Walker, G.P. 1990. Population dynamics and biological control of the woolly whitefly (Homoptera: aleyrodidae)on citrus. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY v. 19(5) p. 1485-1490.

The population dynamics of the woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell), and its parasites on citrus were studied in an interior valley citricultural region of California. The development of populations was followed by leaf sampling and field observation from the initial pest colonization of the study site through 3 consecutive yr. The two major natural enemies found were Cales noacki Howard and Eretmocerus sp. as the dominant parasite present. (01172)

Oetting, R.D.; Anderson, A.L. 1990. Imidacloprid for control of whiteflies, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci, on greenhouse grown poinsettias. Brighton crop protection conference on pests and diseases, 1990. s.l. : British Crop Protection Council. p. 367-372.

Imidacloprid was evaluated for control of Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum on poinsettias under greenhouse conditions. Potting media surface treatments of 2.5 percent granules and 240 SC as a drench were effective against both species. Multiple foliar applications of a 0.05 percent formulation were also effective. (01357)

Osborne, L.S.; Landa, Z. 1992. Biological control of the whiteflies with entomopathogenic fungi. The Florida Entomological Society. FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST (USA) v. 75(4) p. 456-471. (09110/H10.F5)

Powell, C.A.; Stoffella, P.J. 1993. Horticulture influence of endosulfan sprays and aluminum mulch on sweetpotato whitefly disorders of Zucchini squash and Tomatoes. JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE v. 6(1) p. 118-121. (03290)

Price, J.F.; Schuster, D.J. 1991. Effects of natural and synthetic insecticides on sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia-tabaci (Homoptera: aleyrodidae) and its hymenopterous parasitoids. FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST (USA) v. 74(1) p. 60-68

The naturally derived compounds, abamectin, extract of neem seed (Azadirachta indica A. Hussieu), pyrethrin formulated with piperonyl butoxide and certain synthetic organic pyrethroid, carbamate, organophosphorus and chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides were applied to mixed lifestage and adult populations of Bernisia tabaci (gennadius) infesting poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willdenow). Permethrin alone and in combination with piperony butoxide, fenpropathrin, esfenvalerate, abamectin and pyrethrin formulated with piperonyl butoxide provided greatest reduction in numbers of both nymph and adult b. tabaci. Neem seed extract reduced nymphs only and endosulfan and lindane reduced adults only. Lindane was the only insecticide evaluated that did not reduce the parasitoids, Encarsia sp. and Aleurodiphilus sp., below levels found on nontreated plaants. Phytotoxicity to poinsettia occurred on plants treated with dimethoate, carbaryl, methamidophos and insecticides containing piperonyl butoxide. (02097)

Purohit, M.S.; Deshpande, A.D. 1991. Effect of inorganic fertilizers and insecticides on population density of cotton whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES v. 61(9) p. 696-698. (02199)

Rowland, M. et al. 1991. Evaluation of insecticides in field-control simulators and standard laboratory bioassays against resistant and susceptible Bemisia-tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) from Sudan. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH v. 81 p. 189-199.

Cypermethrin, profenofos, and a mixture of these insecticides were evaluated against resistant and susceptible whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, from Sudan using (a) laboratory technology which simulates the aerial spraying of whitefly infestations on cotton crops, and (b) standard residue-bioassays. Simulator tests in which adult cohorts were given a single insecticide treatment produced results that were unexpected on the basis of standard bioassay data. Resistance to cypermethrin, for example, was expressed in the bioassays but not in the simulator, resistance to profenofos was expressed both in bioassays and in the simulator, resistance to the mixture was expressed in the simulator but in the bioassay the chemicals acted synergistically and there was no resistance. Repeated treatment of resistant populations, comprised of all life stages, over three generations gave further unpredicted results: cypermethrin failed to contact larvae on the under surface of leaves and hence did not prevent population growth; profenofos sprayed at field rates controlled all life-stages (despite the expresion of resistance) provided the insecticide vapour was not dissipated. An alternation of cypermethrin and profenofos - cypermethrin with high larval densities - gave the best control. The disparities between the simulator experiments and standard bioassays suggest that techniques simulating the field treatment of all life-stages are better suited for evaluating the practical significance of resistance and potential curative strategies. (02189)

Ryckewaert, P. 1993. Bemisia tabaci problem in Martinique. Proceedings of the Twenty Eighth Annual Meeting of the Caribbean Food Crops Society. Santo Domingo (Republica Dominicana): Fundacion de Desarrollo Agropecuario. Proceedings of the Auunal Meeting of the Caribbean Food Crops Society; v. 28. p. 31-39. (04438)

Serra, C.A. 1994. Effects of selective insecticides, synthetics and extracts from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on populations of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). [Proceedings of the seminar on] integrated pest management - new strategies for the Caribbean farmer. Wageningen (The Netherlands): Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. p. 185-195. (06554)

Sudhakar, K.; Paul, M.D. 1991. Efficacy of conventional insecticides for control of cotton Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Gram-Podborer (Heliocoverpa-armigera) on cotton (Gossypium species). INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES v. 61(9) p. 685-687.

The insecticides triazophos at 0.05 percent and amitraz at 0.05 percent effectively controlled the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Genn.) and gram-podborer [Heliocoverpa armigera (Hubner)], resulting in 53 percent more yield of raw cotton (Kapas) compared with the control. (02198)

Uthamasamy, S. et al. 1990. Monitoring of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). INDIAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES v. 60(11) p. 744-746.

Yellow sticky traps were used during winter and summer seasons of 1986-88 to monitor whitefly on upland cotton. Traps placed at a height of 30 cm attracted more number of adults than those placed at 60, 90, and 120 cm heights. There were 2 peaks and 7 broods in a year. In a polycrop ecosystem involving cotton, groundnut and sesame the activity of whitefly adults was more in cotton followed by sesame and groundnut. (02206)

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