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Avocado Pests & Diseases |
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Integrated Pest Management BibliographyAbud, A.; Gomez, E. 1994. Estudio de caso: la chinche encaje del aguacate, Pseudacysta perseae Heidemann (Hemiptera: Tingidae), en la Republica Dominicana. [Proceedings of the seminar on] integrated pest management - new strategies for the Caribbean farmer. Wageningen (The Netherlands): Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation. p. 303-309. (06567) Gabor, B.K.; Coffey, M.D. 1990. Quantitative analysis of the resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi in five avocado rootstocks under greenhouse conditions. PLANT DISEASE v. 74(11) p. 882-885. (00790) Gallo Llobet, L. 1990. Search for resistance to Phytophthora root rot in West Indian avocado rootstocks in the Canary Islands. BULLETIN OEPP/EPPO. v. 20(1) p. 95-99. Avocado root rot caused by Phytophthora cinnamoni is a major limitation for avocado expansion in the Canary Islands, as it is in other areas of the world. To date, no germplasm with resistance potential has been found among West Indian avocados, which would convert this type into an ideal rootstock for use in infested areas such as the Canary Islands. Our aim was a thorough screening of the local West Indian population, descendants of seedlings brought to the Canaries from the Caribbean in the early 1800s. Our selection methods were based on those used by Zentmyer in California (US) since 1960 (nutritive-solution tank, with controlled aeration, pH, and temperature, to which inoculum is added), which gave rise at that time to several resistant/tolerant Guatemalan and Mexican rootstocks. We also screened using pots filled with naturally infested soil. The plant material tested was: (a) West Indian seeds from the original, local population; (b) seeds of the Guatemalan x West Indian hybrid Gema, taken from 20-year-old local trees growing in highly infested groves; (c) seeds of the salt-resistant Israeli West Indian cv. Maoz. Also tested for comparison purposes were seeds of Mexican and Guatemalan avocados. Inoculations were done using the P. cinnamomi A2 strain, taken from proved diseased trees found in the Canaries. At present, one West Indian plant has survived the selection in a first trial, while 38 have survived in a second trial. One Mexican plant (cv. Topa-Topa) has survived in a third trial. Resistant material is now being reproduced both by tissue culture and by the etiolation technique. (00233) Mora, A.G. et al. 1990. [Incidence of Phytophthora cinnamomi in the avocado root pathosystem]. REVISTA CHAPINGO (MEXICO). v. 15(67-68) p. 26-32. An integrated pest management experiment for the control of avocado root rot, caused by Phytophthora cinnamomi, was established in 1982 in a commercial orchard in Atlisco, Puebla. In this paper we report the results of an evaluation carried in 1985. The objectives of this evaluation were: to determine the vertical and horizontal incidence of P. cinnamomi in the avocado root system and to measure the influence of bovine manure (E), alfalfa hay (A), metalaxyl (M) and their combinations in the incidence of the fungus, tree vigor and fruit production. The experimental trees were severely pruned, the irrigation system was modified from general flooding to watering in individual tree basins, chemical fertilizers were applied and foliar pest and diseases were controlled. P. cinnamoni incidence and root development decreased with soil depth and were adjusted to parabolic curves. The curves with the lowest incidence level of the fungus, high fruit production and good appearance of trees were observed in E and EA. High root infection was found in A and M treatments. The highest incidence of the fungus, worst appearance of trees and the lowest fruit production were found in the control trees. No differences in the levels of incidence of the fungus were found in the roots at two distances from the trunk. (01673) |
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